The effect of sodium lauryl sulfate on Streptococcus mutans

Hendropurnomo, Elena (2025) The effect of sodium lauryl sulfate on Streptococcus mutans. [Experiment]

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Abstract

Background: 24% of male and 22% of female children aged 2-5 years old have had dental caries in their primary teeth. Streptococcus mutans is a gram-positive bacteria found in the oral cavity in dental plaques that form around the teeth. It consumes carbohydrates and common dietary sugars in the oral cavity and produces acids that dissolve enamel and cause caries. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a widely used surfactant in toothpastes, as it emulsifies ingredients and is abrasive towards plaque. However, SLS can irritate the mouth, worsening conditions such as recurring aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and gingivitis. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze and investigate the effects of sodium lauryl sulfate and various over-the-counter toothpastes on Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The research is intended to find whether SLS can effectively reduce the population of Streptococcus mutans without outweighing its negative effects, and whether toothpastes containing SLS are more effective than SLS-free toothpastes. Methodology: The method used in this research is the well diffusion method and microtiter dish assay. The research data was obtained with qualitative results from referenced journals and quantitative results from Streptococcus mutans’ growth medium. Results: The alkaline nature of SLS, its abrasive nature towards dental plaque and its ability to weaken bacterial cell walls proves that it is effective in curbing the growth of Streptococcus mutans, an acidogenic bacteria, and preventing the formation of bacterial biofilms on teeth. Conclusion: The use of SLS and SLS-free toothpastes must be adjusted according to the patient’s oral health needs.

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